IVF, which is the abbreviated form of in vitro fertilization, continues to increase in popularity all over the world as a means of managing infertility in couples. The uniqueness of this technique lies in the fact that fertilization (the union between the sperm and the egg) takes place in a laboratory environment and not in the female genital tract as is the norm. About 200,000 babies have been born out of the technique since its inception about 3 decades ago.
Several medical conditions that cause infertility in men and women have benefited from the technique. One of these conditions is what is known as endometriosis. This is a condition that affects a number of women and is characterized with deposition of endometrial tissue in ectopic sites such as the abdominal cavity, the cervix and the ovaries. Since this tissue is functional, the affected persons experience cyclical pain as a result of menses. Infertility is also common.
There are several other female-related problems that may benefit. A blocked fallopian tube is a frequent cause of infertility since the ovum cannot travel through it to meet the sperm. Blockage of this tube occurs after an infection in the female genital tract or surgery of the same area. When this occurs due to an infection, the condition is termed salpingitis. Problems of the uterus, whether anatomical or physiological, may also hinder fertilization.
Sperm quality and quantity is a frequent cause of infertility in males. Quality implies either the morphological appearance or the ability to move. Abnormal sperms do not have the capacity to cause fertilization even when they come into contact with the egg. In terms of quantity, a sperm count of less than 2 million per milliliter is considered inadequate. All these problems are potential beneficiaries of this treatment.
In vitro fertilization is typically considered when the other methods fail to work. The clinician should strive at establishing the primary problem and treat it. This is the only way to provide a permanent solution. Problems in the fallopian tubes and uterus can be corrected surgically while those affecting sperm can benefit from the modification of sexual behavior.
Women that are undergoing this treatment have to receive a dosage of fertility drugs. The aim of doing this is to increase the chances of having an ovulation and consequently ending up with a conception. Luteinizing hormone and the follicle stimulating hormone are given daily as injections for at least 3 months prior to the desired period of conception. GnRH or gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues have to be given simultaneously.
It is necessary to closely monitor the changes that are occurring in the female genital tract so that the time of ovulation is known. Clinical observation and radiological investigations such as ultrasound are important here. When the ova mature, several of them are harvested and mixed with sperm from a donor or male partner in a dish. The mixture is subsequently placed in an incubator that contains the optimal conditions for fertilization.
Persons that consider undergoing IVF should know that there are possible risks associated with it. For example, women that get this treatment are at a higher risk of having ectopic as well as multiple pregnancies compared to other women. These types of pregnancies are potentially fatal to both the mother and the foetus. The risk of ending up with anatomical abnormalities in the babies born in this manner is also significantly high.
Several medical conditions that cause infertility in men and women have benefited from the technique. One of these conditions is what is known as endometriosis. This is a condition that affects a number of women and is characterized with deposition of endometrial tissue in ectopic sites such as the abdominal cavity, the cervix and the ovaries. Since this tissue is functional, the affected persons experience cyclical pain as a result of menses. Infertility is also common.
There are several other female-related problems that may benefit. A blocked fallopian tube is a frequent cause of infertility since the ovum cannot travel through it to meet the sperm. Blockage of this tube occurs after an infection in the female genital tract or surgery of the same area. When this occurs due to an infection, the condition is termed salpingitis. Problems of the uterus, whether anatomical or physiological, may also hinder fertilization.
Sperm quality and quantity is a frequent cause of infertility in males. Quality implies either the morphological appearance or the ability to move. Abnormal sperms do not have the capacity to cause fertilization even when they come into contact with the egg. In terms of quantity, a sperm count of less than 2 million per milliliter is considered inadequate. All these problems are potential beneficiaries of this treatment.
In vitro fertilization is typically considered when the other methods fail to work. The clinician should strive at establishing the primary problem and treat it. This is the only way to provide a permanent solution. Problems in the fallopian tubes and uterus can be corrected surgically while those affecting sperm can benefit from the modification of sexual behavior.
Women that are undergoing this treatment have to receive a dosage of fertility drugs. The aim of doing this is to increase the chances of having an ovulation and consequently ending up with a conception. Luteinizing hormone and the follicle stimulating hormone are given daily as injections for at least 3 months prior to the desired period of conception. GnRH or gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues have to be given simultaneously.
It is necessary to closely monitor the changes that are occurring in the female genital tract so that the time of ovulation is known. Clinical observation and radiological investigations such as ultrasound are important here. When the ova mature, several of them are harvested and mixed with sperm from a donor or male partner in a dish. The mixture is subsequently placed in an incubator that contains the optimal conditions for fertilization.
Persons that consider undergoing IVF should know that there are possible risks associated with it. For example, women that get this treatment are at a higher risk of having ectopic as well as multiple pregnancies compared to other women. These types of pregnancies are potentially fatal to both the mother and the foetus. The risk of ending up with anatomical abnormalities in the babies born in this manner is also significantly high.
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